In Albania, around 40% of the population lives in rural areas and over 35% of employment relies on agriculture. Yet this vital sector for the country’s economy and food supply remains unprotected against a growing threat: climate shocks. Floods, droughts,...
When the fiscal capacity is weak, we taxpayers understand this from the fact that the government is unable to register and tax the entire population that has the legal obligation to pay the tax due to pay for the services...
All governments, in one way or another, try to meet the needs of aging people who can no longer provide for themselves. Albania, as a developing country, tries to grow the economy, its citizens meanwhile face difficult issues of how...
In the latest assessments by Moody's, S&P or Fitch, it seems that three Balkan economies already have an increasing ranking, being upgraded to the Ba3 level. Meanwhile, three other countries are still rated lower at BB- and B+ levels. These assessments...
According to the World Bank's latest analysis of the shortcomings and achievements of the economies of the Western Balkans, they seem to be learning from the fact that “they are subject to increasing pressures on their external sectors in...
The Berlin process began as an attempt to increase and expand the democratic, economic and liaison capacities between the countries of the Western Balkans region. At first glance, it would serve as a "night school" or a part-time governance model for...
The still high level of public debt (June 2024 – 55.7%), together with the limited fiscal space[1] to address growing expenditure needs, such as the costly infrastructure and digital agenda, along with the need to meet social...
During the months of the 2024 summer season, the Ministry of Finance, with the aim of "improving financial reporting in accordance with international standards and good practices, with the support of the World Bank (WB), presented for public consultation
Our approach is based on the goal that transparency enables disclosure and reduces the likelihood of corrupt behavior because it lowers information barriers, allowing analysis and monitoring by the public. Accountability through consultation also curbs corruption by increasing the chances of...
The appropriate level of defense spending depends on the security environment and international circumstances to deter threats and maintain peace. Amidst the risk of a protracted conflict in Ukraine and beyond, it is not surprising to see high levels of...
