Our approach is based on the goal that transparency enables disclosure and reduces the likelihood of corrupt behavior because it lowers information barriers, allowing analysis and monitoring by the public. Accountability through consultation also curbs corruption by increasing the chances of...
The appropriate level of defense spending depends on the security environment and international circumstances to deter threats and maintain peace. Amidst the risk of a protracted conflict in Ukraine and beyond, it is not surprising to see high levels of...
It is important to note that currency appreciation is relative, as it is measured against another currency. For example, if the Lek appreciates against the Euro, it means that the Lek buys more Euros, but it does not necessarily mean...
The increasing value of the Lek in relation to the Euro, the American Dollar, the British Pound in the currency market should be understood by all consumers and businesses, that the Lek can buy a greater amount of goods and...
Inward flows of remittances have grown rapidly in recent years, with an average growth rate in the last 3 years (2021-2023) of 10.5% and dominate all other annual financial flows from sources abroad. Despite these trends, which began to increase...
The economic landscape has changed over the last 10 years in Albania, but the pension system has not been adapted to the social and economic environment. An aging population together with increasing informal employment naturally requires additional resources for income security...
Albania faces a major challenge related to informality and non-payment of social security, which has negative effects on the economy and social systems. However, comparison with neighboring countries such as Kosovo, North Macedonia and Greece, shows that there is room...
Minimum wages have a positive and significant effect mainly on formal sector wages. However, this does not appear to have any significant effect on informal sector wages. By studying the effect on workers working in the informal sector, it is...
Real estate prices have grown faster than incomes in Albania, as in many other countries. They are continuing to grow even in 2024, but not at the high rates of recent years. Fred Harrison argues that rising prices are the key...
Economic performance varies significantly between the first quarters of the last 10 years (2015 -2024). In a comparative view of the gross domestic product (last column), according to the quarters between each other, the year 2020 shows a decrease in the...
