The primary function of the capital market is to bring together investors who buy securities with those who sell them. The three main participants of the capital market are individuals (also known as investors), borrowers and shareholders[1]. Based on...
Tax revenues from BP countries that applied a progressive tax model a few years ago (Montenegro, Kosovo, Albania, Serbia) compared to countries that applied flat rate taxation (North Macedonia, Bosnia, and Herzegovina) show a higher burden of 1.8% and 2.1%...
"The annual change of the consumer price index in March 2023 is 5.3%, a year ago this change was 5.7%", quoted from the March bulletin on CPI [1] from INSTAT. When we look at an indicator like inflation, which...
In broad terms, exchange rate risk [1] is major when a company or investment relies on a foreign currency that must be converted into the Albanian lek. Foreign exchange risk can be caused by the appreciation/devaluation of the Lek,...
An increase in the costs of the sectors that develop the Albanian economy will be a test of their sustainability in 2023 and beyond. There is a growing fear not only in Albania, that the influence of the global energy system,...
If you are curious to analyze where the fiscal and budget policy changes for 2023, you should first compare the data of the fiscal tables, but rather the clarifications according to the relations of the draft budget for 2022
Albania is preparing a Medium-Term Revenue Strategy (MTRS) to finance its development spending of an estimated 2.2–3.0 percent of GDP over five years. Revenue mobilization will be supported by comprehensive tax policy and administration reforms. International and regional comparisons suggest...
What has happened and continues to happen in countries around the world, in order to recover their economies after facing the pandemic is a very strong and synchronized policy response from the ministries of finance and central banks.
