In public debate, corruption is often treated as a problem limited to the direct theft of public funds, bribery, or abuse of office. However, from an economic perspective, its damage is far deeper. Corruption operates as a systemic mechanism that...
The Western Balkans region continues to suffer from a heavy economic burden caused by corruption and high informality. The total regional GDP for 2025 is estimated at around €168 billion (with a realistic range of €160–175 billion). The total annual cost...
“Western Balkans Cost of Corruption Index 2025” is the first regional publication of its kind produced by ALTAX Observatory, which builds for the first time an analytical instrument that measures not only the perception of corruption, but the real...
