{"id":21883,"date":"2025-02-25T20:54:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-25T19:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/altax.al\/?p=21883"},"modified":"2025-05-16T20:59:41","modified_gmt":"2025-05-16T18:59:41","slug":"analysis-of-budget-revenue-and-expenditure-trends-2024-vs-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/altax.al\/en\/analysis-of-budget-revenue-and-expenditure-trends-2024-vs-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis of Budget Revenue and Expenditure trends: 2024 vs 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2024, total revenues reached 710.3 billion ALL, marking an increase of 10.4% compared to 2023. This growth is the result of several economic and administrative factors that have influenced the performance of the fiscal system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Tax and Customs Revenues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Revenues from taxes and customs reached 457 billion ALL, an increase of 8.2% compared to the previous year. This positive trend is linked to improved fiscal administration, the fight against informality, and the expansion of the tax base.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1.1. Revenues from Customs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VAT on imports increased by 5.5%, reaching 154.4 billion ALL. This rise can be explained by the stabilization of consumption and the increase in the value of imported goods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Excise duty registered a significant increase of 8.6%, reaching 63.4 billion ALL, influenced by the rise in prices of excise products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mining royalties from exports amounted to 2.7 billion ALL, exceeding the plan by 101.2%, signaling growth in the extractive and mineral export sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Customs duties amounted to 9 billion ALL, fulfilling 96.2% of the government&#8217;s plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1.2. Revenues from the Tax Administration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Net VAT increased by 29.8%, reaching 59.6 billion ALL, indicating higher efficiency in collecting this tax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Profit tax remained at 57 billion ALL, showing stability in the private sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Personal income tax marked a strong increase of 14.3%, reaching 66.1 billion ALL, due to wage increases, labor taxes, and a moderate rise in capital taxes (rents, dividends, royalties, gambling, etc.), and improved collection of this tax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">National taxes increased by 19.8%, reaching 44.7 billion ALL, reflecting the expansion of the tax range and strengthening of fiscal controls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Revenues from Social Insurance Contributions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Revenues from social and health insurance reached 160.7 billion ALL, an increase of 11.9% compared to the previous year. This increase is a result of the expansion of formal employment and wage growth in some sectors. The realization of these revenues reached 101.4% of the plan, indicating stability in the social insurance schemes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Contribution of Key Elements to Total Revenues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VAT (net + import) constitutes about 30% of total revenues, being the most important fiscal source.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Payroll tax in the public administration contributes about 9%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Profit tax from companies operating with public funds accounts for about 8%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Social and health insurance contributions cover about 22% of revenues.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To conduct a more detailed analysis of tax performance for 2024 vs 2023, it is important to include the impact of economic and administrative factors affecting revenue collection and overall spending, as well as the role of formalization, inflation, economic growth, and the impact from wages and budget-funded expenditures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For this purpose, we will analyze the impact of these factors on the value and structure of revenues and how they may affect tax revenues in the coming years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.1. Impact of Economic Growth on Tax Revenues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Economic growth at a rate of 3.94% in 2023 and an estimated increase of 3.7\u20133.8% in 2024 had a direct impact on the growth of tax revenues, especially those related to consumption and production. Despite high inflation in 2023 (4.7%) and its halving in 2024 (2.2%), which increased prices, naturally the growth of economic activity contributed to increased demand for goods and services, positively influencing VAT and excise collection. Economic growth may have also influenced higher activity levels in other sectors, creating a positive effect on profit tax and personal income tax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.2. Impact of Inflation on Tax Revenues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inflation has influenced the increase in prices of goods and services, followed by increased demand for taxable products, such as those included in VAT and excise. VAT revenues from imports reached 154.4 billion ALL, marking an increase of 5.5% compared to 2023. Despite the fact that economic growth may have contributed to this result, inflation played an important role in revenue growth due to price increases, especially in consumer goods and excise sectors (fuel, tobacco, alcohol).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, excise duties reached 63.4 billion ALL, an 8.6% increase, reflecting higher demand for excise products and their elevated prices, influenced by inflation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.3. Sector Formalization and Its Impact on Tax Collection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formalization has had a modest impact on the growth of tax revenues, but it has reduced evasion and increased tax compliance. The informal sector, which often avoids taxes, remains a key factor in revenue losses for the budget. Nevertheless, the formalization process has increased tax collection from businesses and individuals, enabling a revenue increase of at least 10 billion ALL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Net VAT Revenues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the 12-month period of 2024, collected VAT reached 59.6 billion ALL, a considerable increase of 29.8% compared to 2023. This indicates that formalization has had a significant impact on revenue growth, as increased reporting of sales and purchases in the formal sector raised VAT collection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To understand how formalization influenced this growth, we can analyze its impact on the small and medium enterprise sector. Formalization has increased reliability and transparency, encouraging new businesses to register and contribute taxes for the first time. The formalization share may have contributed to at least 30% of VAT revenue growth, including price increases or a reduction equivalent to at least 0.3% of GDP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.4. Impact of Wage Growth and Wage Levels on Tax Revenues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another factor influencing revenue growth is the increase in wages and personal income levels. Revenues from personal income tax reached 66.1 billion ALL, an increase of 14.3% compared to 2023. Wage increases directly influenced the growth of revenues collected from this tax, as individuals with higher incomes contribute more to the budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The impact of wage growth is twofold:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Improved living standards have increased consumption, followed by increased demand for services and products such as energy and transport, which are taxable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Higher incomes have resulted in higher taxes paid by individuals, increasing personal income tax revenues and helping support public finance stability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3.5. Good Administration and Its Impact on Tax Collection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Good administration is one of the main factors that has influenced the improvement of tax collection. In 2024, the tax administration collected 227.4 billion ALL from direct and indirect taxes, which is a significant increase of 10.6% from 2023. To analyze this result, greater transparency is needed regarding the indicators influencing tax administration efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The customs administration collected 229.5 billion ALL, which is 12.7 billion ALL (+5.9%) more than in 2023. The good performance of the administration had a direct impact on the increase of revenues from VAT on imports, excise, and profit tax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this regard, good tax administration has impacted revenue growth because it enabled more accurate and complete revenue collection and helped reduce fiscal evasion. In summary, economic growth, inflation, business sector formalization, and good tax administration are the main factors that influenced the growth of tax revenues in 2024. In this context, formalization has had a significant impact, contributing notably to VAT and excise revenues, as well as helping reduce evasion and improve tax collection. This enabled increased budget revenues, even though public expenditures exceeded revenues, creating a budget deficit that requires careful attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Public Expenditures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Public expenditures are an essential component for understanding the financial balance of a state and its impact on economic development. Total public expenditures for 2024 reached 728.6 billion ALL, representing a significant increase compared to 2023. In this context, a deeper analysis shows that this increase in expenditures reflects various changes that have occurred in budget planning and public financial management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4.1. Public Expenditures: Revenues and Imbalances<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Public expenditures for 2024 amounted to 728.6 billion ALL, reaching 98.8% of the initial budget plan and 94.5% of the revised plan through Normative Act No. 5, dated 19.12.2024. This near-full realization of budgetary plans indicates a good level of expenditure management in 2024. However, the failure to fully execute the planned expenditures may reflect challenges in expenditure implementation and unutilized spending opportunities, particularly within specific ministries or sectors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compared to 2023, total public expenditures increased by 8%, or about 53.7 billion ALL. This growth reflects economic pressures and increased demand for public services, social support, and infrastructure investments, as well as the impact of inflation on operational costs and public finances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4.2. Increase in Current Expenditures: Impact on Revenues and Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A key component of public spending in 2024 was current expenditures, which reached 606.3 billion ALL\u2014a 10.8% increase compared to 2023. This indicates the growing costs of covering the day-to-day operations of the state administration, including salaries for civil servants, health and education services, and other support to citizen-serving sectors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This increase in current expenditures is closely linked to several factors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Salary and benefit increases<\/strong> for public servants, which have been a government policy priority. Rising wage costs likely influenced spending in sectors like education and health.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inflation<\/strong> has raised the cost of essential goods and services for the public administration, including energy, office materials, and other public utilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Social support expenditures<\/strong>, which have increased as a result of fiscal policies aimed at protecting vulnerable groups and assisting low-income families.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While the increase in current spending may be necessary to fulfill government obligations, it places pressure on the fiscal balance and can contribute to budget deficits, particularly if spending is tied to rapid wage growth or expanded services that are not fully covered by revenue growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4.3. Investment and Infrastructure Spending<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A significant aspect of public expenditures is infrastructure investment, which plays a vital role in the country\u2019s development policies. These investments may have contributed to improved living conditions, enhanced economic competitiveness, and the creation of new employment opportunities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Efforts to improve road infrastructure, including the construction of new highways, as well as investments in sectors like energy, transport, and water supply and sanitation, have required strong government commitment. These investments help increase productivity and attract foreign investors, which may positively impact future tax revenues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, while infrastructure investment is essential for long-term development, there is a need to balance it with current expenditures to ensure that public debt remains at sustainable levels and that resources are not diverted from key sectors such as health and education.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4.4. Balancing Expenditures and Revenues: Budget Deficit and Fiscal Planning Adjustments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The budget deficit is another critical issue related to public expenditures. Total expenditures in 2024, at 728.6 billion ALL, exceeded total revenues of 710.3 billion ALL, resulting in a potential deficit that requires financing through public debt or other sources. This deficit may affect the credibility of the budget and create challenges for public debt management in the coming years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investment and social service expenditures must be balanced against tax revenues to ensure a sustainable fiscal system. This requires a strong strategy to improve tax collection, reduce tax evasion, and increase transparency in public administration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 2024 public expenditures reflect a complex equilibrium between the need for expanded services and infrastructure investment, and the fiscal and economic pressures. The spending growth in 2024 demonstrates a government seeking to respond to citizen and sectoral demands, but this growth must remain sustainable and well-managed to avoid imbalances in the public budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Trends<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The year 2024 brought positive performance in several aspects of fiscal management, but also highlighted ongoing challenges that require continued attention to ensure the sustainability of public finances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Revenue growth was a key success factor in 2024, driven primarily by improved VAT collection, personal income tax, and social security contributions. This is a positive indicator of efforts by the tax administration to enhance revenue collection and help improve the budget balance. Income tax and social security contributions are essential sources to support the health and social protection systems and ensure the government can meet citizens\u2019 essential needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite this good revenue performance, public spending continued to rise, mainly due to substantial investments and social policy support. While investments are necessary for infrastructure development and improving competitiveness, operational expenses and social assistance programs have increased pressure on public finances. The overall spending growth has created a negative fiscal balance, with expenditures outpacing revenues and contributing to the budget deficit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite the challenges, 2024 demonstrated strong fiscal performance in terms of revenue collection and tax administration. However, to achieve sustainable public finance management, the government must address the negative balance and work toward stable revenue growth without significantly increasing expenditures\u2014while maintaining strict control over public debt and the budget deficit. This will require a prudent and responsible approach to expenditure planning and financial resource management.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 2024, total revenues reached 710.3 billion ALL, marking an increase of 10.4% compared to 2023. This growth is the result of several economic and administrative factors that have influenced [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20951,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10475],"tags":[16731,16729,13209,16246,16584,16726,16727,16728],"class_list":["post-21883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","tag-budget-planning","tag-current-spending","tag-fiscal-deficit","tag-inflation-impact","tag-infrastructure-investment","tag-public-expenditures","tag-revenue-growth","tag-social-support"],"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/altax.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/buxheti-2024-1024x445.webp",1024,445,true],"list":["https:\/\/altax.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/buxheti-2024-463x348.webp",463,348,true],"medium":["https:\/\/altax.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/buxheti-2024-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"full":["https:\/\/altax.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/buxheti-2024.webp",1024,1024,false]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Analysis of Budget Revenue and Expenditure trends: 2024 vs 2023 - ALTAX<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/altax.al\/en\/analysis-of-budget-revenue-and-expenditure-trends-2024-vs-2023\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Analysis of Budget Revenue and Expenditure trends: 2024 vs 2023 - ALTAX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In 2024, total revenues reached 710.3 billion ALL, marking an increase of 10.4% compared to 2023. 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