{"id":16422,"date":"2023-10-04T08:51:34","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T06:51:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/altax.al\/?p=16422"},"modified":"2024-02-08T19:45:53","modified_gmt":"2024-02-08T18:45:53","slug":"social-security-agreements-with-different-countries-and-informal-employment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/altax.al\/en\/social-security-agreements-with-different-countries-and-informal-employment\/","title":{"rendered":"Social security agreements with different countries and informal employment"},"content":{"rendered":"

Social security is linked to the family in Albania. In social insurance schemes, the amount, the conditions of provision and the duration of the relationship are determined by the national scheme. These schemes are administered by national agencies based on national rules and norms.<\/p>\n

The scope of the social security system is thus traditionally within the territory of a particular state, or even a region of a state. This possible territorial aspect is expressed in national rules that expressly state that only the citizens of a country have the right to information or that these are the borders and only those who live within a country are affected.<\/p>\n

The territorial character of social security explains that national or regional social security schemes have each developed in their own way.
\nThese schemes reflect in themselves the economic, political, social, geographical, and cultural heritage of each country. Even though a given country may influence another by its example, no two countries can be said to have a single social security scheme that is entirely similar.<\/p>\n

The administration of legal migration, as well as irregular migration, has become, as never before, a great political challenge. In trying to realize their rights to social protection, migrants encounter numerous obstacles. Precisely for this reason, it is becoming increasingly important to improve the coordination of social security systems between host countries and countries of origin. The coordination instruments of the Council of Europe aim to avoid some weaknesses of migration, when it comes specifically to long-term payments, such as old-age pensions.<\/p>\n

The Conventions of the Council of Europe<\/a> regarding the coordination of national social security systems<\/a> are based on Fundamental Social Rights<\/a> and in the last decade it has also updated two temporary European Regulations.<\/p>\n

The first deals with old-age, invalidity, and survivors’ social security schemes, the other directly deals with social security but without old-age, invalidity, and survivors’ schemes),
\nThe second is the European Convention on social and medical assistance and the European Convention on social security (as well as its Protocols).<\/p>\n

The expert committees for coordination in the field of social security have the task of precisely developing the coordination of social security schemes relying on these conventions.<\/p>\n

It is precisely this political and economic context that has long encouraged Albanian governments, in the last 15 years, to discuss at a technical level the implementation of conventions and further to express political will through signature between governments and ratification by parliaments.<\/p>\n

The formalization of agreements between Albania and other countries enables the coordination of social insurance schemes in accordance with the standards of European legislation, also enabling unemployment benefits, maternity benefits, cash benefits in case of accidents at work, etc.<\/p>\n

Based on each agreement with the country where there are Albanian citizens (new immigrants and old residents), who are registered and recognized by the insurance systems of the countries where they have emigrated, they will be able to benefit from the benefits received in cases of accidents at work for those who are employed, as well as old-age, disability or family pensions in both countries.<\/p>\n

So, the procedures are further simplified, the periods of their insurance are known, so that citizens from both countries can benefit.<\/p>\n

They are based on some basic principles such as equal treatment, preservation of rights achieved, consolidation of insurance periods, as well as the provision of benefits, both inside and outside the country of origin.<\/p>\n

Albania implements agreements in the field of social security with Turkey, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Canada, Germany, North Macedonia, Luxembourg, Kosovo, Austria and Belgium.<\/p>\n

On October 1, 2023, the agreement with Switzerland entered into force.<\/p>\n

Agreements with Romania, Bulgaria, Montenegro, and Croatia are in the process of being ratified by foreign parties.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, the agreements with Greece and Italy have progressed in the direction of closing the technical discussions by the heads of the social security of the states to pave the way for the signature by the governments, even within 2023.<\/p>\n

Draft agreements with the USA, Denmark, the Netherlands, Poland, Serbia, Spain, the United Kingdom, Moldova, Slovenia, Australia, France, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland and the Emirates are being discussed in technical groups at various stages.<\/p>\n

These agreements express a political will towards recognizing the years of work of Albanian immigrants in Greece, as one of the largest communities of the Albanian diaspora.<\/p>\n

Thanks to the agreements on social protection, which will start to be implemented after the signature between the governments and further after the ratification by the parliaments of the signatory countries, citizens will not lose the contributions paid, regardless of where they worked.<\/p>\n

The agreements unite all periods of work, regardless of where the individuals worked, and consider them as if they were performed in Albania.<\/p>\n

Beneficiaries so far are several tens of thousands of Albanian citizens, as well as foreigners. While the agreements with Greece and Italy are expected to benefit respectively 700 thousand Albanian citizens resident in Greece and up to 500 thousand Albanian citizens resident in Italy. This number of beneficiaries is related to the number of citizens who have worked and paid insurance in neighboring countries and does not correspond to the real number of Albanian immigrants in these countries.<\/p>\n

Agreements on social security will naturally encourage the strengthening of social security to combat informality, as this instrument of combining seniority at work directly serves migrant workers and their family members.<\/p>\n

However, the agreements are not a miracle formula, if Albania fails to address all aspects of the complex issue of increasing contributors to guarantee the social protection of local workers. In essence, the agreements generally only help regular migrant workers in the formal sector and this should be further clarified and the government’s propaganda in this regard should work hard.<\/p>\n

Beyond the merits of which government signed the current agreement and who will sign 18 future agreements, a number of different answers are required, and social security agreements are one part of a larger package of tools.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Social security is linked to the family in Albania. 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