{"id":14266,"date":"2023-01-21T18:39:39","date_gmt":"2023-01-21T17:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/altax.al\/?p=14266"},"modified":"2023-01-20T20:40:41","modified_gmt":"2023-01-20T19:40:41","slug":"wages-and-pensions-since-the-start-of-the-pandemic-and-the-need-for-fair-taxation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/altax.al\/en\/wages-and-pensions-since-the-start-of-the-pandemic-and-the-need-for-fair-taxation\/","title":{"rendered":"Wages and pensions since the start of the pandemic and the need for fair taxation"},"content":{"rendered":"

The decreases in employment income in Albania appear to have consisted not only of job losses for those employed seasonally or even permanently for some activities [1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

For this period, there was also a decrease in the value of the payment, depended from the limited working time, but also from the isolation on working days.<\/p>\n

In this period, the government took decisions at the right time, but with modest values \u200b\u200bto subsidize these losses from the pandemic, even helping informal workers with an unjustified tolerance and without identifying the responsibilities for the situation.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, the impact of the pandemic in 2020 on urban old-age pensions resulted in the reduction of the average pension amount by 3.3% less [2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

But, in an analysis of the value of the salary from the official data, it can be seen, as shown in the table, that the minimum wage has had a greater increase than the average wage.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nLek\/month<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No.<\/td>\nWage and inflation<\/td>\n2020<\/td>\n2021<\/td>\n2022*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nMinimum wage<\/td>\n26,000<\/td>\n30,000<\/td>\n32,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nAverage wage<\/td>\n54,951<\/td>\n59,565<\/td>\n61,613<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nInflation<\/td>\n1.6%<\/td>\n2.0%<\/td>\n7.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* from September 1, 2022, the minimum wage is ALL 34,000\/month<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* the average wage is for Tr. III 2022. Inflation is annual, preliminary<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Source: INSTAT, BSH<\/em><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

This non-proportional increase between the two wage levels is explained by the fact that the minimum wage increase in 2021 also included the years 2019-2020, when this economic and social measure was not approved.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, in the same asymmetric way of growth, it also happened in 2022, when the level of the minimum wage was increased twice within the year with clarifications that do not coincide with the developments of the labor market, business requirements and without a comprehensive preliminary analysis, in order to exhausted the ambiguities and clarified the reasons for the unilateral decision taken by the government.<\/p>\n

While the minimum wage has increased by 15% in 2021 compared to 2020 and by 8% in 2022 compared to 2021, i.e. in total it has increased by 23% for the last two years, it can be seen that the average inflation has increased by 11% in two years last years. This means that, on average, for each individual and family with income from the minimum wage, there was an effective average wage increase not by 23%, but only by 12%.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, even this increase in the minimum wage comes stronger not in the year when there is an increase in inflation, but in the last year, when inflation is almost 4 times higher than before.<\/p>\n

In a simplified calculation on the effect of inflation based on the increase of over 46% of monthly expenses not with the average inflation of 7.4% but with the increase of 14.2%, then it turns out that the impact of inflation reaches up to 11% reducing the real power of increasing the minimum wage.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, for the average wage, the impact of inflation is even greater than<\/a> in the case of the minimum wage.<\/p>\n

The average salary has increased by 8% in 2021 compared to 2020 and by 3% in 2022 compared to 2021, so in total it has increased by 11% for the last two years. Comparing this increase in the average wage with the average increase in inflation (at 11% in the last two years), this means that on average for every individual and family with income from the minimum wage there has been no wage increase in the reality of the increase in prices by 11% in the last two years.<\/p>\n

In terms of a family of urban pensioners, you can see that, while the increase in average pensions in the city results in 9.6% in 2021 compared to 2020, in 2022 the increase is 9.5% compared to 2021. In total, the increase in urban pensions is 19.1 % in two years. But, even though the increase is greater than the increase in the real inflation rate of 14.2% as above, the main problem for pension policies remains the pension base and the need to synchronize with the minimum standards of living (the vital minimum).<\/p>\n

This level is lower than some studies conducted for the purpose of analyzing this social phenomenon with negative consequences on the well-being of this layer, but also on their consumption and the impact on the economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\nLek\/month<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No.<\/strong><\/td>\nPensions <\/strong><\/td>\nPension Level<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2020<\/strong><\/td>\n2021<\/strong><\/td>\n2022<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nUrban Pensions<\/td>\n15,732<\/td>\n17,258<\/td>\n18,901<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nRural pensions<\/td>\n9,295<\/td>\n9,656<\/td>\n10,612<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Source: INSTAT, BSH<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

In the conditions of a rural pensioner family, the pension base and the need to synchronize with the minimum living standards (the vital minimum) is much more urgent due to the difference of at least 78% between them.<\/p>\n

However, using the same way of comparison, it can be seen that, while the increase in average pensions in the village is 3.9% in 2021 compared to 2020, in 2022 the increase is 9.9% compared to 2021. In total, the increase in pensions in the village is 13.8% in two years. Comparing with the increase of the average pensions of the city, it can be seen that the increase of the village pensions is smaller and obviously the pensions in the village are actually lower than the real inflation rate of 14.2% as above.<\/p>\n

Bringing back to memory the principle of fair taxation, based on the slogan “Who earns more pays more” should now become part of the completion of the tax system, after 9 years of governance with the same principle, but poorly implemented.<\/p>\n

This approach of the system is even more important at a time when the social policy of budget income redistribution must become effective with policies of decent pension growth, as well as a fiscal system based on efficiency and equality in taxation.<\/p>\n

In fact, the conditions for taxing high-risk individuals for taxes exist in Albania, that is, which includes rich capitalists, rich individuals and managers who receive high salaries of over 400,000 lek per month.<\/p>\n

For individuals who receive salaries and high bonuses above 400 thousand ALL per month there should be a new tax rate higher than 23%. The reason why we think 400 thousand per month is that it is the entire annual salary of an employee with the current minimum wage. This salary level also constitutes an effective tax base for applying a higher tax rate for income from intellectual\/artistic property or from work.<\/p>\n

Now not only the tax on high salaries, but also the tax on income from intellectual, industrial, artistic, sports, etc. properties should not only start contributing to the public services that benefit these individuals just like other direct tax-paying citizens, but also be progressively taxed on the income they benefit.<\/p>\n

This is done by states with organized systems and access to social redistribution!<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> https:\/\/library.fes.de\/pdf-files\/bueros\/albanien\/16878-20201124.pdf<\/a>
\n[2]<\/a> http:\/\/www.issh.gov.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LIBER-STATISTIKASH-2019-2020.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The decreases in employment income in Albania appear to have consisted not only of job losses for those employed seasonally or even permanently for some activities [1]. 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